Work
Selected work
Carbon Economics
Assignments delivered by the practice.
Prepared under ADB Technical Assistance for a Kazakh government delegation, this report examines how Helsinki moved its district heating system off coal — from roughly 90% fossil-based in 2015 to a diversified, low-emission system within a decade — and what is transferable to Kazakhstan, whose district heating reaches around 80% of the urban population but runs mainly on coal. It traces Helsinki’s transition to three mutually reinforcing levels of policy rather than any single instrument, assesses the applicability of Finnish technologies — wastewater and industrial heat recovery, large heat pumps, deep geothermal, and thermal storage — to Kazakh conditions, and sets out six candidate pilot projects and five priority actions for the heat sector.
ADB TA10232 · Just Energy Transition in Asia and the Pacific
Prepared by the Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke) under the REPower initiative, this strategic roadmap examines the role of renewable energy in Finland to 2055, focussing on land-use, regional and geopolitical questions of the energy transition. The report sets out three future pathways for renewable energy by 2055 that differ in system structure, investment scale, and resource use. Built on national KEITO scenario modelling, the analysis runs across wind and solar expansion, transmission, bioenergy and forest resources, BECCS and CCS, regional justice, and the strategic choices and policy framework needed to deliver the transition.
Formerly at the IEA
Selected reports from five years leading the agency's programme of work on renewable energy technologies.
Examines how electricity can replace fossil fuels for the low- and medium-temperature heat and steam that make up the largest, least-addressed share of industrial energy use. Reviews the maturity and cost of heat pumps, electric boilers and related technologies, and the conditions under which electrification becomes competitive.
Sets out pathways to scale sustainable fuels — liquid biofuels, biogases, hydrogen and e-fuels — through to 2035, focusing on the hard-to-abate sectors where direct electrification is difficult.
Works towards a shared, technology-neutral basis for defining when a fuel counts as sustainable, so that policy and trade can rest on consistent criteria rather than fragmented national definitions.
Explores how power systems running on very high shares of wind and solar — beyond 70% of annual generation — manage variability across seasonal and multi-year timescales, modelled across four climate zones. Finds that a mix of flexibility is needed, with existing thermal capacity remaining the main source of seasonal flexibility.
The IEA's first assessment focused exclusively on Namibia. Examines how the country's world-class solar and wind resources can reduce its heavy dependence on electricity imports, widen energy access, and underpin a competitive renewable hydrogen industry — framed throughout around socio-economic development.
The IEA's first assessment focused exclusively on Mauritania. Maps how large-scale solar and wind can deliver low-cost power, extend electricity access, decarbonise the mining sector, and position the country as a competitive exporter of renewable hydrogen and its derivatives.
Examines how Oman — a major oil and gas producer — can use its high-quality renewable resources, available land and existing energy infrastructure to become a competitive exporter of low-emissions hydrogen and ammonia, supporting economic diversification and its net-zero-by-2050 goal.
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